Usually, round counter flow type
cooling towers are used in small scale systems where less than about 300 m3/hr
of water is circulated. Square cross
flow type cooling towers are used in larger size systems (Fig. 3.5 and 3.6)
(2) Heat exchangers
(a) Structure and features
Heat exchangers can be used as coolers, heaters, condensers, or evaporators, depending on the requirement.
By structure, they are classified as tubular heat exchangers, double tube heat exchangers, coil heat exchangers, irrigation coolers, plate heat exchangers, and air fin coolers. The tubular heat exchanger is the most widely used. It includes horizontal and vertical types. The horizontal type is generally used although the vertical type has the advantage of a smaller installation area.
Typical features of horizontal tubular heat exchangers are shown in Fig. 3.7 and Table 3.2. Cooling water flows through either tube or shell side. Flow and characteristics of cooling water in tubular heat exchangers are listed in Table 3.3.
To be continued in Part 3...
